Constipation
In cases
of stubborn constipation, introduce freshly pressed juices earlier in the diet,
from stage 2: start from carrot juice first thing in the morning and take your
cod liver oil at the same time. The juice will stimulate bile production
as many cases of persistent constipation are due to poor bile production.
When there is not enough bile, the fats in the food do not digest well; instead
they react with salts and form soap in the gut, causing constipation.
Removing dairy may also help.
If you have decided to go straight into the Full GAPS Diet, keep in
mind that about 85% of everything your patient eats daily should be made out of
meats, fish, eggs, fermented dairy and vegetables (some well-cooked, some
fermented and some raw). Baking and fruit should be kept out of the diet
for a few weeks, and then be limited to snacks between meals and should not
replace the main meals. Homemade meat stock, soups, stews and natural
fats are not optional - they should be your patient's staples.
INTRODUCTION DIET
EVERY MORNING
Start the day with a cup of still mineral or filtered water. Give your
patient the probiotic. Make sure that the water is warm or room
temperature, not cold, as cold will aggravate his or her condition.
Only foods listed are allowed: your patient must not have anything else.
On the First Stage the most drastic symptoms of abdominal pain, diarrhea and
constipation will quickly subside. If, when you introduce a new food,
your patient gets back diarrhea, pain or any other digestive symptoms then
he/she is not ready for that food to be introduced. Wait for a week and
try again.
If you suspect an allergy to any particular food, [then subject it to the] Sensitivity Test.
SENSITIVITY TEST
Take a drop of the food in question (if the food is solid, mash and mix with a
bit of water) and place it on the inside of the wrist of the patient. Do
it at bedtime. Let the drop dry on the skin, then let your patient go to
sleep. In the morning check the spot: if there is an angry red reaction,
then avoid that food for a few weeks, and then try again. If there is no
reaction, then go ahead and introduce it gradually starting from a small
amount.
STAGE 1
Homemade
meat or fish stock.
Meat and fish stocks provide building blocks for the rapidly growing cells of
the gut lining and they have a soothing effect on any areas of inflammation in
the gut. That is why they aid digestion and have been known for centuries
as healing folk remedies for the digestive tract. Do not use commercially
available soup stock granules or bullion cubes, they are highly processed and
are full of detrimental ingredients. Chicken stock is particularly gentle
on the stomach and is very good to start from.
To make good meat stock
you need joints, bones, a piece of meat on the bone, a whole chicken, giblets
from chicken, goose or duck, whole pigeons, pheasants or other inexpensive
meats. It is essential to use bones and joints, as they provide the healing
substances, not so much the muscle meats. Ask the butcher to cut in half
the large tubular bones, so you can get the bone marrow out of them after
cooking.
Put the bones, joints and meats into a large pan and fill it
with water, add natural unprocessed salt to your taste at the beginning of
cooking and about a teaspoon of black peppercorns, roughly crushed. Bring
to boil, cover and simmer on a low heat for 2.5-3 hours. You can make
fish stock the same way using a whole fish or fish fins, bones and heads.
After cooking take the bones and meats out and sieve the stock to remove small
bones and peppercorns. Strip off all the soft tissues from the bones as
best as you can to later add to soups or encourage your patient to eat all the
soft tissues on the bones.
Extract the bone marrow out of large tubular
bones while they are still warm: to do that bang the bone on a thick wooden
chopping board. The gelatinous soft tissues around the bones and the bone
marrow provide some of the best healing remedies for the gut lining and the
immune system; your patient needs to consume them with every meal. Take
off all the soft tissues from fish bones and heads and reserve for adding to
soups later. The meat or fish stock will keep well in the fridge for at
least 7 days or it can be frozen. Keep giving your patient warm meat
stock as a drink all day with his meals and between meals. Do not use microwaves for warming
up the stock, use conventional stove (microwaves destroy food). It is
very important for your patient to consume all the fat in the stock and off the
bones as these fats are essential for the healing process. Add some
probiotic food into every cup of stock (the details about introducing probiotic
food follow).
Homemade
soup with your homemade meat or fish stock.
Please look for some recipe ideas in the recipe section of the book.
Here we will go through some details, specific for the Introduction Diet.
Bring some of the meat stock to boil, add chopped or sliced vegetables: onions,
carrots, broccoli, leeks, cauliflower, courgettes, marrow, squash, pumpkin,
etc. and simmer for 25-35 minutes. You can choose any combination of
available vegetables avoiding very fibrous ones, such as all varieties of
cabbage and celery. All particularly fibrous parts of vegetables need to
be removed, such as skin and seeds on pumpkins, marrows and squashes, stalk of
broccoli and cauliflower and any other parts that look too fibrous. Cook
the vegetables well, so they are really soft. When vegetables are well
cooked, add 1-2 tablespoons of chopped garlic, bring to boil and turn the heat
off. Give your patient this soup with the bone marrow and meats and other
soft tissues, which you cut off the bones. You can blend the soup using a
soup blender or serve it as it is. Add some probiotic food into every
bowl of soup (the details about introducing probiotic foods follow). Your
patient should eat these soups with boiled meat and other soft tissues off the
bones as often as he/she wants to all day.
Probiotic
foods are essential to introduce right from the beginning.
These can be dairy based or vegetable based. To avoid any reactions
introduce probiotic foods gradually, starting from 1-2 teaspoons a day for 2-5
days, then 3-4 teaspoons a day for 2-5 days and so on until you can add a few
teaspoons of the probiotic food into every cup of meat stock and every bowl of
soup. If your patient is ready to introduce dairy, then use your homemade
yogurt or kefir. If dairy is still out [by results of sensitivity test or
negative reaction when introducing it], then into every cup of meat stock or
soup add juice from your homemade sauerkraut, fermented vegetables or vegetable
medley (please look in the recipe section of the book). Make sure that
the food is not too hot when adding the probiotic foods, as the heat would
destroy the beneficial probiotic bacteria.
Ginger tea
with a little honey between meals.
To make ginger tea, grate some fresh ginger root (about a teaspoonful) into
your teapot and pour some boiling water over it, cover and leave for 3-5
minutes. Pour through a small sieve and add honey to taste (optional).
STAGE 2
Continue
with Stage 1.
Keep giving your patient the soups with bone marrow, boiled meats or fish
and other soft tissues off the bones. He or she should keep drinking the
meat stock and ginger tea. Keep adding some probiotic food into every cup
of meat stock and every bowl of soup: juices from sauerkraut, fermented
vegetables or vegetable medley, or homemade kefir/yogurt.
Add raw
organic egg yolks.
It is best to have egg yolks raw added to every bowl of soup and every cup
of meat stock. Start from 1 egg yolk a day and gradually increase until
your patient has an egg yolk with every bowl of soup. When egg yolks are
well tolerated add soft-boiled eggs to the soups (the whites cooked and the
yolks still runny). If you have any concerns about egg allergy, do the
sensitivity test first. There is no need to limit number of egg yolks per
day, as they absorb quickly almost without needing any digestion and will provide
your patient with wonderful and most needed nutrition. Get your eggs from
a source you trust: fresh, free range and organic.
Add stews
and casseroles made with meats and vegetables.
Avoid spices at this stage; just make the stew with salt and fresh herbs
(look for a recipe of Italian Casserole in the recipe section of the
book). The fat content of these meals must be quite high: the more fresh
animal fats your patient consumes, the quicker he or she will recover.
Add some probiotic food into every serving.
Increase
daily amount of homemade yogurt and kefir, if introduced. Increase the
amount of juice from sauerkraut, fermented vegetables or vegetable medley.
Introduce
fermented fish, starting from one piece a day and gradually increasing. Look for recipes in recipe
section.
Introduce
homemade ghee, starting from 1 teaspoon a day and gradually increasing. Look for recipe in recipe
section.
STAGE 3
Carry on
with all the previous foods.
Add ripe
avocado mashed into soups, starting from 1-3 teaspoons and gradually increasing
the amount.
Add
pancakes, starting from one pancake a day and gradually increasing the amount.
Make these pancakes with three ingredients: 1) organic nut butter (almond,
walnut, peanut, etc); 2) eggs; 3) a piece of fresh winter squash, marrow or
courgette (peeled, de-seeded and well blended in a food processor). Fry
small thin pancakes using ghee, goose fat or duck fat. Make sure not to
burn them.
Egg
scrambled with plenty of ghee, goose fat or duck fat.
Serve it with avocado (if well tolerated) and cooked vegetables.
Cooked onion is particularly good for the digestive system and the immune
system: melt 3 tablespoons of duck fat or ghee in the pan, add sliced large
white onion, cover and cook for 20-30 minutes on low heat.
Introduce
the sauerkraut and your fermented vegetables (your patient has been drinking
the juices from them for a while now).
Start from a small amount, gradually increasing to 1-2 tablespoons of
sauerkraut or fermented vegetables per every meal.
STAGE 4
Carry on
with all previous foods.
Gradually
add meats cooked by roasting and grilling (but not barbecued or fried yet).
Avoid bits, which are burned or too brown. Let your patient eat the
meat with cooked vegetables and sauerkraut (or other fermented vegetables).
Start
adding cold pressed olive oil to the meals, starting from a few drops per meal
and gradually increasing the amount to 1-2 tablespoons per meal.
Introduce
freshly pressed juices, starting from a few spoonfuls of carrot juice.
Make sure that the juice is clear, filter it well. Let your patient
drink it slowly or diluted with warm water or mixed with some homemade
yogurt. If well tolerated gradually increase to a full cup a day.
When a full cup of carrot juice is well tolerated try to add to it juice from
celery, lettuce and fresh mint leaves. Your patient should drink the
juice on an empty stomach, so first thing in the morning and middle of
afternoon are good times.
Try to bake
bread with ground almonds or any other nut and seeds ground into flour.
The recipe (please look in recipe section of the book) requires only four
ingredients: 1) nut flour; 2) eggs; 3) piece of fresh winter squash, marrow or
courgette (peeled, de-seeded and finely sliced); 4) some natural fat (ghee, butter,
goose or duck fat) and some salt to taste. Your patient should start from
a small piece of bread per day and gradually increase the amount.
STAGE 5
If all the
previous foods are well tolerated try to add cooked apple as an apple pure.
Peel and core ripe cooking apples and stew them with a bit of water until
soft. When cooked add some shee to it and mash with a potato
masher. If ghee has not bee introduced yet add duck or goose fat.
Start from a few spoonfuls a day. Watch for any reaction. If there
is none gradually increase the amount.
Add raw
vegetables starting from softer parts of lettuce and peeled cucumber.
Watch your patient's stool. Again start from a small amount and
gradually increase if well tolerated. After those two vegetables are well
tolerated gradually add other raw vegetables: carrot, tomato, onion, cabbage,
etc.
If the
juice made from carrot, celery, lettuce and mint is well tolerated, start
adding fruit to it: apple, pineapple and mango. Avoid
citrus fruit at this stage.
STAGE 6
If all the
introduced foods are well tolerated try some peeled raw apple. Gradually
introduce raw fruit and more honey.
Gradually
introduce baking cakes and other sweet things allowed on the diet. Use
dried fruit as a sweetener in the baking.
As I mentioned before, your patient may be able to move through the
Introduction Diet faster or slower depending on the stool changes: let the
diarrhea start clearing before moving to the next stage. You may have to
introduce some foods later than in the program depending on his/her
sensitivities. Make sure that you carry on with the soups and meat stock
after your patient has completed the Introduction Diet at least once a day.
After the Introduction Diet is completed and when your patient has more or less
normal stools move into the Full GAPS Diet.
THE FULL
GAPS DIET
A Typical Menu:
Start the
day with a glass of still mineral water or filtered water with a slice of
lemon. It can be warm or cold to personal preference.
If you have
a juicer your patient can start the day with a glass of freshly pressed
fruit/vegetable juice diluted with water.
A good juice to start the day is 40% apple + 50% carrot + 10% beetroot (all
raw of course). You can make all sorts of juice mixes, but generally try
to have 50% of therapeutic ingredients: carrot, small amount of beetroot (no
more than 5-10% of juice mixture), celery, cabbage, lettuce, greens (spinach,
parsley, dill, basil, fresh nettle leaves, beet tops, carrot tops), white and
red cabbage, and 50% of some tasty ingredients to disguise the taste of
therapeutic ingredients: pineapple, apple, orange, grapefruit, grapes, mango,
etc. Your patient can have these juices as they are, with some yogurt or
diluted with water.
Every day our bodies go through a 24 hour cycle of activity and rest, feeding
and cleaning up (detoxifying). From about 4 am til about 10 am the body
is in the cleaning up or detoxification mode. Drinking water and freshly
pressed juices will assist in this process. Loading the body with food at
that time interferes with the detoxification. That is why many of us do
not feel hungry first thing in the morning. It is better to have
breakfast around 10 am when your body has completed the detox stage and is
ready for feeding. At that stage we usually start feeling hungry.
Children may be ready for their breakfast earlier than adults.
BREAKFAST CHOICES
A variation of English breakfast: eggs cooked to personal
liking and served with sausages and vegetables, some cooked, some fresh as a
salad (tomato, cucumber, onions, celery, and fresh salad greens, etc.) and/or
avocado and/or meat. The yolks are best uncooked that the whites
cooked. Use plenty of cold pressed olive oil as a dressing on the salad
and eggs. Mix a tablespoon of pre-soaked or sprouted sunflower and/or
sesame and/or pumpkin seeds with the salad. Sausages (full fat) should be
made of pure minced meat with only salt and pepper added. Make sure that
there are no commercial seasonings or MSG (Monosodium Glutamate) in the
sausages. I recommend finding a local butcher, who would make pure meat
sausages for you on order
Avocado with meat, fish or shellfish, vegetables raw and cooked, lemon and cold
pressed olive oil. Serve a cup of warm meat stock as a drink with food.
Pancakes made with ground nuts. These pancakes are delicious with some
butter with honey, or as a savory snack. If you blend some fresh or
defrosted berries with honey, it will make a delicious jam to have with
pancakes. Weak tea with lemon, ginger tea or mint tea.
Any of the home baked goods: muffins, fruit cake and bread.
LUNCH CHOICES
Homemade vegetable soup or stew in a homemade meat stock.
Avocado with meat, fish, shellfish and raw and/or cooked vegetables. Use
olive oil with some lemon squeezed over it as a dressing. Serve a cup of
warm homemade meat stock as a drink.
Any meat/fish dish with vegetables.
DINNER CHOICES
One of the dishes from the lunch or breakfast choices.
There are many recipes found in the book. You can also take old recipes
and give them your own GAPS diet update.